Basic Information About Contact Dermatitis
Either an Allergen or an Irritant Can Cause a Rash
Jun 9, 2009
Treating the symptoms of this skin condition can provide comfort and relief. An informed sufferer should work with a physician to find the most suitable treatment.
What is Contact Dermatitis?
Contact dermatitis is a rash on the skin. It results when the skin comes into contact with an irritant or an allergen. In many cases it is difficult to tell the difference between the two types of this condition.
When an allergen is involved there is an immune system reaction. The rash can show up a day or two after contact with the allergen. It will usually disappear in a few weeks, even if it is not treated.
When an irritant is the cause, the rash usually appears right away, possibly damaging the skin. The longer the skin is exposed to the offending substance, the more it will be damaged. The hands are often affected by this type of rash when harsh chemicals and substances are handled.
Symptoms of Contact Dermatitis
The symptoms for both types of contact dermatitis are similar and vary from mild to severe. There is usually a red, itchy rash, possibly accompanied by swelling or blisters. The rash caused by an irritant can be more painful than itchy.
In some cases of this skin condition, the skin will peel or crack following the initial reaction.
Diagnosis of Contact Dermatitis
Usually, a "patch" test is used to determine the substance responsible for the rash in allergic contact dermatitis. Patches of suspected substance are taped to the skin for a specified period of time, then the skin is checked for changes.
The medical expert will likely use a detailed history and examination to help with the diagnosis.
Treatment of Contact Dermatitis
Irritant contact dermatitis is treated by avoidance of the harsh or corrosive substances that cause the reaction. Gloves can also help to protect the hands.
In the case of allergic contact dermatitis, a medical expert can make the best individual recommendations, after a diagnosis has been completed. A small area of rash may be treated with topical corticosteroid creams. Large areas of rash may be treated with oral corticosteroids.
Cold cloths, over-the-counter antihistamines, and appropriate lotions or ointments can be used to treat milder cases.
As with any allergic condition, all severe symptoms should be treated by a medical expert immediately.
Contact dermatitis can be an uncomfortable skin condition, but being informed and working with a medical professional is always the best way to find suitable treatment.
Disclaimer: This article is intended for information purposes only. It is not a substitute for medical attention and supervision.
Sources:
Hospital for Sick Children: The Complete Kid’s Allergy and Asthma Guide: The Parent’s Handbook for Children of All Ages. Ed. Dr. Milton Gold. Toronto, Canada: Robert Rose Inc., 2003.
Website: American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, 2007. Visited June 1, 2009.
Website: Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, updated 2005. Visited February 21, 2009.
For other articles on allergic skin conditions see Basic Information About Hives and Basic Information About Eczema.
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